Arugula

Arugula (Eruca sativa or E. vesicaria) is a fast-growing, cool-season annual in the Brassicaceae (mustard) family, valued for its peppery, pungent leaves. It typically grows 8 to 36 inches tall, featuring deeply lobed green leaves and small, creamy-white to yellow flowers, thriving in full sun to partial shade. 
Key Characteristics & Details:
Appearance: The plant forms a rosette of tender, slender, lobed leaves.
Taste/Scent: Distinctive, pungent, and peppery flavor.
Growth Habit: Upright, annual, and fast-growing, reaching maturity in 20–45 days.
Edible Parts: Leaves are commonly used in salads, while flowers and young seed pods are also edible.
Cultivation: Thrives in cool weather, often planted in spring and fall. It is prone to bolting (flowering) in high heat, which makes the leaves more bitter.